性别对早发ST段抬高心肌梗死临床特征和预后影响

Effect of Gender on Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Premature ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

目的探讨性别对早发ST段抬高心肌梗死(ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction,STEMI)患者临床特征及预后影响。方法连续纳入盘锦市中心医院2016年1月至2019年10月确诊早发STEMI患者466例进行回顾性分析,依性别分为两组,比较临床特征和院内预后情况,采用logisitic回归分析主要心血管不良事件(major adverse cardiovascular events,MACE)影响因素。结果男性早发STEMI患者最常见的心血管危险因素为吸烟和高脂血症,女性为高血压和糖尿病;女性心绞痛病史、非典型胸痛发生率、延迟就诊时间均高于男性,女性MACE发生率高于男性(P<0.05)。女性性别并非MACE的独立危险因素;糖尿病、延迟就诊时间是MACE的危险因素,心绞痛病史是其保护因素。结论早发STEMI患者临床特征及院内预后具有性别差异,糖尿病、延迟就诊时间是院内不良预后的危险因素。

Objective To explore the influence of gender on the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with premature ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).Methods A total of 466 patients with premature STEMI from January 2016 to October 2019 in Panjin Central Hospital were analyzed retrospectively.They were divided into two groups according to their gender,and clinical characteristics and hospital prognosis were compared.Logsitic regression was used to analyze the influential factors of the major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE).Results The most common cardiovascular risk factors for men were smoking and hyperlipidemia,while those for women were hypertension and diabetes.The angina medical history,atypical symptoms,and delayed consultation time of women were all higher than men.The incidence of MACE was higher in women than in men.Being female was not an independent risk factor for MACE.Diabetes and delay in medical treatment were risk factors of MACE for female,and the history of angina was a protective factor.Conclusion There are gender differences in clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with premature STEMI.Diabetes and delayed consultation time are the risk factors affecting the prognosis.