电池液冷板设计及试验研究

Design and experimental study of battery liquid cooling plate

针对电池液冷板提出4个设计方案并进行传热性能试验研究。对比液冷板通道内的对流换热系数、热源表面平均温度和温度均匀性,分析不同流道参数及流程布置对平均温度和温度均匀性的影响。试验结果表明:由3#和4#液冷板对比得知,液冷板流道宽度越窄,冷却液流速越大,对流换热系数提高30%;由2#和1#液冷板对比得知,通过流程布置优化设计可以增强传热并改善温度均匀性,对流换热系数提高39%,温度标准差减小5%;由2#和4#液冷板对比得知,对流换热系数越大,平均温度越低,温度均匀性越差,对流换热系数提高37%,平均温度降低0.8℃,表面温差增大17%,温度标准差增大13%。纵向导热能力过强会使得电池模组表面温度均匀性变差,在电池液冷板设计中要平衡纵向和横向的导热能力。该项研究对电动车电池冷却技术的优化具有实际应用意义。

Four design schemes of battery liquid cooling plate are proposed and validated through experiments.The convective heat transfer coefficient in the channel of liquid cooling plate,the average temperature and the temperature uniformity of heat source surface are compared,and the impact of channel structure parameters and flow patterns on average temperature and temperature uniformity are analyzed.The test results show that it is known from the comparison of 3#and 4#liquid cooling plates,the narrower the flow path width of liquid cooling plate is,the greater the flow velocity of liquid is,which can increase the convective heat transfer coefficient by 30%.It is known from the comparison of 2# and 1#liquid cooling plates,flow pattern optimization can enhance heat transfer and improve the temperature uniformity,which can increase the convective heat transfer coefficient by 39% and decrease the standard deviation of temperature by 5%respectively.It is known from the comparison of 2#and 4#liquid cooling plates,the larger the convective heat transfer coefficient is,the lower the average temperature and the worse the uniformity of temperature get.The convective heat transfer coefficient is increased by 37%,and the average temperature is decreased by0.8℃,the surface temperature difference is increased by 17%,and the standard deviation of temperature is increased by 13%.The excessive longitudinal thermal conductivity will make the surface temperature uniformity of battery module get worse,therefore,the longitudinal and horizontal thermal conductivities should be balanced in the design of battery liquid cooling plate.This research has a good practical significance for the optimization of battery cooling technology of electric vehicles.