论中药品种专有权的权利性质

On the Nature of the Exclusive Rights of Chinese Traditional Medicine Varieties

《中药品种保护条例》通过行政特许,创设了一项新型民事权利即中药品种专有权。中药品种是一种源于中药传统知识的非专利药品知识,其中未被披露的信息属于商业秘密;而其专有权,则不是商业秘密权或特许经营权,而仅是与美国Hatch-Waxman法案和孤儿药品法案所规定的药品资料专属权相近似的知识产权,两者国际法渊源均是TRIPS协议第三十九条第三款。依据中药品种是非专利技术知识、其专有权是一种知识产权这两点结论,可得出通过财产权规则可对非专利技术知识(含商业秘密)进行保护的推论。

A new type of civil right,namely the proprietary right of types of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),is created in Regulations on Protection of Traditional Chinese Medicines through administrative permission.Types of TCM are non-patented medicine knowledge derived from the traditional knowledge of Chinese medicine,among which the undisclosed information belongs to the trade secret.However,the proprietary right of types of TCM is not trade secret right or franchise right,but intellectual property right similar to the data exclusivity of drug stipulated in the Hatch-Waxman Act and the Orphan Drug Act of the United States.Their legal source of international law is article 39(3)of TRIPS.From the two conclusions that types of TCM are non-patented technical knowledge and the proprietary right of types of TCM is intellectual property right,it can be concluded that the non-patented technical knowledge(including trade secrets)can be protected by rules of property right.