2018年鄂尔多斯市重点职业病监测噪声作业检查结果

Noise inspection results of major occupational disease surveillance in Ordos City in 2018

目的了解鄂尔多斯市接触噪声作业的劳动者双耳高频平均听阈检查异常情况及分布规律,为预防和控制职业性噪声聋提供参考依据。方法从职业健康检查机构收集2018年1月1日-12月31日接触噪声劳动者在岗期间职业健康检查资料,并对数据进行分析。结果29817名接触噪声作业人员中,有1629人双耳高频平均听阈≥40 dB,占5.46%;行业分布以采矿业为主,听力异常率为4.97%,各行业听力异常率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=265.90,P<0.01);高频听力损失呈现年龄、工龄趋势递增变化,差异均有统计学意义(χ^2=681.80、481.38,均P<0.01)。结论噪声危害是2018年鄂尔多斯市企业中最常见的职业危害因素之一,双耳高频听力损失发生率较高,鄂尔多斯市应紧密结合高频听力损失的发生规律和分布特点,加强对重点岗位的专项调查与风险评估,有针对性地制定防治策略,从源头上控制和消除职业病的发生。

Objective To understand the abnormal situation and distribution of binaural high-frequency average hearing threshold examination in noise-exposed workers in Ordos City,provide scientific basis for preventing and controlling occupational noise deafness.Methods The in-service occupational health examination data of noise-exposed workers from January 1 to December 31,2018,were collected from the occupational inspection institutions,and analyzed statistically.Results Among 29817 noise-exposed workers,1629 had the results of binaural high-frequency average hearing threshold≥40 dB,accounting for 5.46%.Mining was the main industry,which the abnormal rate was 4.97%.There was statistically significant difference in the abnormal rate among different industries(χ^2=265.9,P<0.01).The high frequency hearing loss showed an increasing trend with age and length of service,and the differences were statistically significant(χ^2=681.80,481.38,both P<0.01).Conclusion Noise hazard is one of the most common occupational hazard factors in Ordos enterprises in 2018,and the incidence of binaural high-frequency hearing loss is high.In order to control and eliminate the occurrence of occupational diseases from the source,Ordos City should strengthen the special investigation and risk assessment of key posts,and formulate prevention and control strategies,which are closely combined with the regularity and distribution characteristics of binaural high-frequency hearing loss.