城市生活垃圾分类多元共治及其机制建构

Multiple Co-governance and Mechanism Construction of Municipal Domestic Waste Classification

城市生活垃圾分类治理是国家治理能力现代化的重要面向,也是提升城市治理现代化水平的应有之义。城市生活垃圾分类治理在治理主体、治理方式、治理机制和治理目标上均呈现复合性特征,决定其需要采取多元共治模式。城市生活垃圾分类多元共治以"生活垃圾分类行为"为治理对象,以参与、协同和法治为构成要素,以实现治理裁量权和收益权共享为价值旨归。由于受管制型环境治理模式的影响,当前我国政府主导的城市生活垃圾分类治理在实践中存在治理主体权责不清、治理规则单一、治理信息公开和反馈不足等问题。以推进生活垃圾分类治理现代化和法治化为目标,通过明晰治理主体权责边界、拓展共治规则和运用共识性规则、构建交互式参与机制、完善治理信息公开和反馈机制等方式,可以有效矫治上述问题,实现城市生活垃圾分类多元主体协同共治。

Classified governance of municipal domestic waste is an important aspect of the modernization of national governance capacity,and a proper meaning to improve the level of urban governance modernization.The classified governance of municipal domestic waste has complex characteristics in main body,way and goal of governance,which determines that it needs to adopt multiple co-governance modes.The multiple co-governance of municipal domestic waste classification takes“the behavior of domestic waste classification”as the governance object,takes the participation,coordination and rule of law as the constituent elements,and takes the realization of governance discretion and revenue sharing as the value purpose.Due to the influence of regulated environmental governance mode,there are some problems in the practice of the current government led classified management of municipal domestic waste,such as unclear governance subject rights and responsibilities,single governance rules,governance information disclosure and insufficient feedback.To improve the efficiency of domestic waste classification governance,it is necessary to clarify the power and responsibility boundary of the main body,expand the rule of co-governance and use the consensus rule,construct the interactive participation procedure,improve the governance information disclosure and feedback mechanism,etc.Finally,the multi-agent collaborative governance of municipal domestic waste classification will be realized.