我国文化遗产的时空演变及其影响因素研究

Spatiotemporal Evolution and Impact Factors of the Cultural Heritage in China

从整体上探索文化遗产的时空演变及其影响因素,是文化地理学的基础性问题,并对文化遗产的管理和保护具有指导意义。通过梳理关联概念界定研究对象,运用GIS空间分析法系统探索我国文化遗产的时空演变及其影响因素,结果表明:我国文化遗产数量时序上呈指数式增长,历经平缓增长期(1961—2005年)和快速增长期(2006—2019年)两个阶段;文化遗产空间上呈现"东北—西南"的分布格局,分布平均中心向东南移动,总体呈现不断集中的态势,地区差异显著;多元中心密集趋势明显,逐渐在华北和长三角地区形成多层级文化遗产密集片区。考究影响因素发现,文化遗产密集分布于河流两岸、气候温暖湿润的平原和低山地区,与经济发展水平、历史文化、交通通达度显著关联。研究结论为文化遗产的传承与保护提供了一定的借鉴与启示。

The spatiotemporal evolution and impact factors of the cultural heritage are important theoretical problems in the human geography which plays an essential role for the improvement of heritage protection and management.Data from 9165 items concerning cultural heritage in Chinese mainland are collected on a national level and analyzed based on the Geographic Information System.The results showed that the number of the Chinese mainland cultural heritage has grown up exponentially and experienced two periods since 1961,the first is the moderate growth(1961—2005),then comes the period of rapid growth(2006—2017);Chinese mainland cultural heritage has a pattern of clump distribution respectively which presents that the east region’s cultural heritage is more than the west and the south is more than the North.Show the distribution pattern of“northeast southwest”and the distribution of cultural heritage shows a trend of continuous concentration on the whole,with significant regional differences.The Chinese cultural heritage has generally evolved towards the intensive with multilevel and gradually forming two multilevel intensive areas,one is formed in North China,the other is formed in the Yangtze River Delta.The factors that affect the distribution of cultural heritage are as follows.First is the geographic environment.More cultural heritage can be found in areas rich on both sides of rivers,warm and humid plains and low mountain areas;Second,the distribution of cultural heritage is significantly related to economic development,culture and transportation.The conclusion of the study provides some reference and enlightenment for the heritage and protection of cultural heritage.