论“字词本位”的中华语文教学观

On the conception of Chinese teaching based on Sinogram-Word

汲取"词本位""字本位"汉语理论的合理部分,从语言声频系统和文字形符系统梳理文、字与词的关系,认为"文"是最初的图形表意独体符号,"字"是由文孳乳派生出来的形意结合符号,音节与声调结合的表意单位就是"词",书写的文字符号与语音结合构成"字词"。这样的字词不但能够独立超越语音而示意,还有记录语音的功能。古代语文主要以单音节字词为基本单位,现代语文系统中多音节词语数量占了多数,成为精确表达复杂思想的基本单位,因而"字"与"词"(词语)共同成为中华语文表意的基本单位,构成了以文字为主导的中华语文特有的字/词并重的格局。基本的常用汉字非常稳定,有很强的组字构词能力,掌握具有字根意义的基本常用单字词,有利于精炼简洁表达,运用多音节复字词语有利于细致准确表达。所以,我们主张"字词本位语文教学观"。

Extracting the rational part of the Chinese language theory,rooted in the characteristics of Chinese language and the authentic Chinese language,combing the relationship between inscription,Sinogram,word from the Chinese language note system and the ideogram system,we consider the ideographic unit that combines syllables and tones is"words",and the combination of written characters and phonetic also constitutes"Sinogram-Word."Such Sinogram-Word can not only be independent of the phonetic to express,but also have the function of recording.The Chinese language before Han used the monosyllabic Sinogram-Word as the basic unit.The number of multi-syllable Sinogram-Word in the modern Chinese system accounted for the majority,which became the basic unit for accurately expressing complex ideas.Together with“Sinogram”and“Word”,they become the basic unit of Chinese language expression,and constitute a pattern in which Sinogram/Word are equally important.The commonly used Sinograms are very stable,they have strong ability to form characters and form words.Master the basic commonly single Sinogram-words which are conducive to refining and concise expression,the use of multi-syllable Sinogram-words are conducive to accurate expression.Therefore,we advocate the”Sinogram-Word based Chinese Teaching View”.