新冠肺炎疫情下综合医院正负压转换手术室空调系统防控策略及优化分析

Prevention and control strategies and optimized analysis of air-conditioning system for positive and negative pressure conversion operating rooms in general hospitals during COVID-19 epidemic

目的探讨新冠肺炎疫情下综合医院正负压转换手术室空调系统的风险因素,提出疫情下正负压转换手术室净化空调系统的优化改造方案并总结防疫应对策略。方法正负压转换手术室经引机组新风口至室外、更换排风口过滤器等优化改造并采取全新风空调运行模式、加强空调系统的清洗和消毒工作等防疫措施后,采用BCJ-1型激光尘埃粒子计数器、温湿度测试仪及微压差计等测试仪器对改造后手术室的尘粒数、温湿度、静压差等主要技术指标进行静态测试。结果经测试,手术室静压差、温湿度、尘粒数等各项指标均符合Ⅲ级洁净室的标准,如手术室术间对前后缓冲间、前缓冲间对外走廊以及后缓冲间对连廊的静压差值分别为-6 Pa、-5 Pa和-5 Pa,术间温度和相对湿度分别为23℃和47.1%,术间洁净度等级为7级等。结论新冠肺炎疫情下综合医院通过对正负压转换手术室进行优化改造并采取全新风空调运行模式、加强空调系统的清洗和消毒工作等防控措施,可以安全地为发热或疑似病例实施手术。

Objective To discuss the risk factors of air-conditioning system for the positive and negative pressure conversion operating rooms and summarize the strategies of prevention.And a reasonable optimization scheme for the clean air-conditioning system of the positive and negative pressure conversion operating rooms should be proposed and the strategies of prevention and control in general hospitals were sunmmarized during the epidemic period.Methods After optimizing the positive and negative pressure conversion operating room by introducing the new air-outlet of the unit to the outdoor,replacing the air outlet filter,etc.,and taking the new air operation mode,strengthening the cleaning and disinfection work and other epidemic prevention measures,BCJ-1 laser dust particle counter,temperature and humidity tester and micro differential pressure tester were used to test dust particle number,the temperature and humidity,static pressure difference and other main technical indexes of the operating room.Results The temperature and humidity,static pressure difference,dust particle number and other main technical indexes of the operating room were met the standard of grade III clean room.For example,the static pressure difference between the front and back buffer room,the front buffer room and the outer corridor,the back buffer room and the connecting corridor were respectively-6 Pa,-5 Pa and-5 Pa,the temperature and relative humidity were 23℃and 47.1%,the cleanliness was class 7.Conclusion The medical staff in general hospitals can perform operations safely for fever or suspected cases by optimizing the operating rooms and taking the new air conditioning mode and strengthening cleaning and disinfection work during COVID-19 epidemic.