废晶硅太阳能电池资源化分类回收技术研究

Research on classification and recycling technology of waste crystalline silicon solar cells

晶硅太阳能电池报废后将会产生大量固体废弃物。采用不同浓度盐酸、硝酸和硝酸-氢氟酸混酸分步回收废晶硅太阳能电池中的铝、银和硅,得到了室温下废晶硅太阳能电池资源化回收技术的最佳参数:经20%(体积分数,下同)盐酸反应40min,铝浸出率为99.77%;经35%硝酸反应30 min,银浸出率为99.60%;经40%硝酸-6%氢氟酸混酸反应75 min,硅回收率为85.51%。

A large amount of solid waste will be generated when the crystalline silicon solar cells are scrapped.In the article,the aluminum,silver and silicon in the waste crystalline silicon solar cells were recovered stepwisely by using different concentrations of hydrochloric acid,nitric acid,mixed acid of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid.The optimum parameters for resource recovery of waste crystalline silicon cells at room temperature were obtained.Aluminum was leached in 20%(volume fraction,the same below)hydrochloric acid solution for 40 min with a leaching rate of 99.77%.Silver was leached in 35%nitric acid solution for 30 min with a leaching rate of 99.60%.Silicon was leached for 75 min in a mixed acid of 40%nitric acid and 6%hydrofluoric acid with a recovery rate of 85.51%.