绵阳重污染天气机动车限行对空气质量的影响研究

Study on the effect of traffic control on air quality in heavy pollution weather in Mianyang

为应对2017年底绵阳出现的一次重污染天气,绵阳政府于2017年12月25日0时至29日12时首次实行了机动车尾号限行措施。利用2017年12月20日至2018年1月2日绵阳4个国控环境质量监测站点的CO、NO2、SO2、O3、PM2.5、PM10的数据分析限行前后的污染物浓度变化特征,并结合气象数据进行污染成因分析。结果表明,大气颗粒物PM2.5和PM10是此次重污染天气的首要污染物,机动车尾号限行措施对PM2.5和PM10有一定的减排效果。机动车尾号限行措施对NO2、SO2、O3具有明显的减排效果,而对CO几乎没有减排效果。限行前和限行期大气颗粒物主要来源于化学转化形成的二次颗粒物,而限行后则转为沙尘、扬尘等一次颗粒物。江油对绵阳大气颗粒物PM2.5、PM10影响很大,气流轨迹出现频率高,大气颗粒物浓度也高,有必要考虑进行区域联防联控。

In order to fight against the heavy pollution weather process at the end of 2017,Mianyang government imposed traffic control from 0:00 December 25th to 12:0029th for the first time.The concentration data of CO,NO 2,SO 2,O 3,PM 2.5 and PM 10 of 4 state environmental quality testing stations in Mianyang from December 20th,2017 to January 2nd,2018 were used to analyze pollutants concentrations variation characteristics before and after the control.Meteorology data were also used to resolve pollution causes.Results showed that PM 2.5 and PM 10 were the priority pollutants during this process,and traffic control had certain effect on them.The control had significant effect on NO 2,SO 2 and O 3,but had little effect on CO.The particulates mainly came from secondary particulates by chemical transformation before and during the control,while the particulates mainly came from primary particulates like sand dust or flying dust after the control.It was found that Jiangyou had great influence on Mianyang for PM 2.5 and PM 10 pollution because the trajectory appeared frequently and its PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentrations were high.Therefore,it was necessary to take regional measures to prevent the pollution.