油气矿业权退出自然保护地问题分析

Thoughts the withdrawal of oil and gas mining rights from natural protected areas

为贯彻落实习近平总书记关于生态保护的重要指示精神,推动国家级自然保护区等保护地内油气矿业权清理处置工作,2017年3月开始,原国土资源部推动油气矿业权逐步退出自然保护地的工作。本文通过梳理油气矿业权退出保护地基本情况,总结油气勘探开发过程对环境的影响及措施,分析出油气矿业权退出自然保护地过程中存在的保护地划定工作缺乏统筹、政出多门、各类保护地划定缺乏统一标准、保护地范围数据不一致、保护地与油气矿业权设置先后关系问题等诸多问题,针对存在的问题提出以下建议:维护国家能源安全的原则,实现油气保护性开发;坚持尊重规律,制定科学的分类处置办法;实行保护地统一管理、科学划分保护地功能,实现精准保护;分类制定保护地退出实施细则、增强操作性。

In order to implement general secretary XI Jinping's important instructions on ecological protection and promote the clean-up and disposal of oil and gas mining rights in protected areas such as national nature reserves,the former ministry of land and resources have began to push for the gradual withdrawal of oil and gas mining rights from protected areas since March 2017.By analyzing the basic situation above,this paper simmarizes the environmental impact and measures in the oil and gas exploration and development process,furthermore finds out many existed problems in the process of the withdrawal of oil and gas mining rights from natural protected areas,such as the lack of overall planning for the delineation of protected areas,the lack of unified standards for the delineation of various types of protected areas,the inconsistent data on the scope of protected areas,and the relationship between the protected areas and the establishment of oil and gas mining rights.Finally the following suggestions are put forward:safeguard the principle of national energy security,realize the protective development of oil and gas;adhere to respect the law and formulate scientific measures for classified disposal;implement the unified management for protected areas and the scientific functions division of them,achieve the accurate protection;formulate the classified implementation rules for the withdrawal of protected areas,enhance the operability.