棉田植保无人机喷施脱叶剂的应用效果研究

The Application Effect of Defoliating Agent Sprayed by UAV in Cotton Field

通过开展脱叶剂不同喷施方式对棉花脱叶催熟效果研究,为机采棉提质增效合理使用脱叶剂提供理论支持。开展2种种植模式下脱叶催熟剂不同施用方式试验,分析脱叶催熟剂在棉花成熟期脱叶和催熟的效果及对棉花产量和品质的影响。与CK相比无人机2遍处理脱叶效果最好,其次是无人机1遍,机车1遍和2遍的脱叶效果相当;无人机2遍处理吐絮率最高,其次是机车2遍;无人机1遍和2遍均增加了产量,机车1遍和机车2遍均降低了产量;不同喷药方式对棉花的伸长率、成熟度系数、衣分影响很小,机车2遍和无人机2遍均提高了绒长、比强度、整齐度指数,比1遍差异小;机车2遍效益最低,无人机2遍次之,各处理产生的效益差别较大。综合考虑推荐66cm+10cm常规机采棉模式下无人机2遍和机车1遍作为脱叶剂最佳喷施方式。

The effects of different spraying methods on defoliation and ripening of cotton were studied,in order to provide theoreti⁃cal support for the rational use of defoliating agent in cotton picking.Experiments were carried out on the spraying methods of different defoliation and ripening agents under two planting modes.The effects of the defoliating and ripening and the effects of yield and quality of cotton were analyzed.The best defoliation effect was achieved by UAV twice,followed by UAV once,and as same as tractors once and tractors twice.The highest defoliation rate was achieved by UAV twice,followed by tractors twice.It was increased production to UAV once and UAV twice,while decreased production to tractors once and tractors twice.Different spraying methods had little effect on elongation,maturity coefficient and lint fraction of cotton.The two times of tractors and UAV both increased the pile length,specif⁃ic strength and evenness index,and the difference was smaller than that of the first time.It is recommended to use the UAV twice and the tractors once as the best spraying method of defoliating agent in the conventional cotton picking mode of 66cm+10cm.