两起小作坊丙烯酰胺中毒事故的报告

Report on two incidents of acrylamide poisoning in small workshops

通过对两起类似的A、B小作坊玻璃加工过程中发生的职业性丙烯酰胺中毒事故进行调查,详细询问职业中毒病人的职业史、病史及就诊经过,查阅病人住院病历记录,对中毒事故现场进行职业卫生学调查和职业卫生检测。分析事故发生的原因,以避免类似中毒事故再次发生。A小作坊事发后已关停,故现场无法进行职业卫生模拟检测。B小作坊防火液配制、灌装作业场所丙烯酰胺时间加权平均浓度分别为0.42、0.09 mg·m^-3。A小作坊诊断职业性慢性丙烯酰胺中毒(轻度)3例,B小作坊诊断职业性急性丙烯酰胺中毒(轻度)1例。4名患者经对症治疗3周后症状稍有好转出院。两起中毒事故的主要原因均是小作坊业主缺乏职业病防治知识,防治意识薄弱,未采取有效的职业病防护措施。

We investigated two similar incidents of occupational acrylamide poisoning during glass processing in small workshops A and B through inquiring into patients’occupational history,medical history,medical treatment process,reviewing medical records,and conducting occupational field investigations on occupational hazards at reported scenes.We also analyzed possible causes of the two incidents to avoid such poisoning accidents in the future.The small workshop A was closed after the poisoning accident;therefore,no field investigation was conducted.The time weighted average concentrations of acrylamide in the workstations for preparation and filling of fire-proof liquid in the small workshop B was 0.42 and 0.09 mg·m-3 respectively.Three cases of occupational chronic acrylamide poisoning(mild)were diagnosed in the small workshop A,and one acute case(mild)in the small workshop B.After three weeks of symptomatic treatment,the four patients were discharged with slightly improved symptoms.The main reason for the two occupational poisoning accidents was that the owners of selected small workshops lacked knowledge and awareness of occupational disease prevention,and did not take effective measures to prevent occupational diseases.