辨“经”“史”关系--兼及国学“核心”说

On the Relationship between“Classics”and“History”and the“Core”Theory of Chinese Cultural Studies

对于"国学"的学术品质,"国学"的文化价值,"国学"的社会意义,学者多有不同理解。进行相关分析,必然涉及"国学"的真正内涵。对于"国学"的理解,我们看到有"国学的核心是儒学,儒学的核心是经学"的说法。回顾春秋战国中国思想学术原创时代的文化形势,儒学只是百家之学中的一家。传统文献学经史子集四部分类中,经学列位最先,但是学术总量有限,甚至远远不如史学。而"六经皆史"的说法,其实也是有合理性的。在"国学"名义得到肯定的民国时期,国学学者的工作对象绝不仅仅是经学。考察清华国学院导师们的教研内容,多在儒学、经学之外。

Scholars have different understandings of the academic quality,cultural value and social significance of Chinese cultural studies.Analysis of this inevitably involves the real connotation of Chinese cultural studies.For further understanding,we may come across the proposal that“the core of Chinese cultural studies is Confucianism,and the core of Confucianism is Confucian classics”.Review of the academic originality in Chinese thought in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period reveals that Confucianism is only one of the various schools of thought at that time.Among Classics,History,Philosophy,Poetry-the four classifications of the traditional document studies,the study of classics ranks first,but its academic content is limited,and even more limited than that of history studies.The viewpoint that all the six classics are about history is actually reasonable.In the period of the Republic of China when the name of“Chinese cultural studies”was established,researchers in this field were not confined to the study of classics.The teaching and research of the tutors in the School of Chinese Classics in Tsinghua University are mostly irrelevant to Confucianism or Confucian classics.