不同培养料配方对宾王菇子实体农艺性状及其营养成分的影响

Effects of Different Medium Formulations on Agronomic Characters and Nutritional Components of Fruiting Body of Lyophyllum fumosum Mushroom

[目的]以宾王菇为试材,以草炭、玉米芯、玉米秸秆、金针菇菌糠为培养基配方主料,研究了3种配方对宾王菇菌丝体生长、农艺性状及营养成分的影响。[方法]采用3种不同配方,在无菌条件下进行培养,并对其营养成分进行测定。[结果]以草炭为主料栽培宾王菇,菌丝生长速度最快,子实体中粗多糖含量最高,但菌株的农艺性状较差,产量最低;以玉米芯和秸秆为主料的配方,菌丝生长速度最慢,但子实体农艺性状最好,产量最高,粗纤维含量最高;以新鲜金针菇菌糠和玉米秸秆为主料栽培宾王菇,菌丝生长速度、子实体农艺性状及产量介于以草炭与玉米芯和秸秆为主料的配方之间,但蛋白质和氨基酸含量最高。研究表明,不同培养料配方直接影响宾王菇菌丝生长速度、子实体农艺性状、产量及营养成分含量,以玉米芯和秸秆为主料的配方,子实体综合性状最佳,可作为工厂化生产的推广配方。[结论]研究结果可为宾王菇规模化栽培提供技术支撑。

[Objective]The effects of three medium formulas on the growth of mycelium,agronomic characters and nutrient composition of Lyophyllum fumosum were studied when peat,corn cob,maize straw and flammulina velutipe chaff were used as the main materials of medium formula.[Method]The nutritional components were determined with three different formulas under the aseptic condition.[Result]The results showed that when peat was used as main materials of medium formulation,the growth rate of mycelia was the fastest and the content of crude polysaccharide were the highest in fruiting bodies,but the agronomic character of the strain was poor and the yield was the lowest.When the corn cob and maize straw were used as main materials of medium formula,the growth rate of mycelia was the slowest,however,the agronomic properties of fruiting bodies were the best and with the highest yield and the highest crude fiber content.When the fresh flammulina velutipe chaff and maize straw were used as main materials of medium formula,the growth rate of mycelia,agronomic characters and yield of fruiting body was between the two former medium formulations,but the content of protein and amino acid was the highest.This research showed that different medium formulas directly affected the mycelium growth rate,fruiting body agronomic traits,yield and nutrient content of Lyophyllum fumosum.When corn cob and maize straw were used as the main ingredient of the formula,synthetical properties of fruiting body was the best,which indicate that it could be used as a factory production of promotion formula.[Conclusion]The results could provide technical support for the scale cultivation of Lyophyllum fumosum.