复合材料在柔性电化学储能装置中的应用及研究进展

Research progress on the application of composite materials in flexible electrochemical energy storage devices

柔性电化学储能(EES)装置,如锂离子电池(LIBs)和超级电容器(SCs),可集成于柔性电子器件中,在连续的力学形变条件下可为便携式装置的运行提供稳定的电源。柔性EES装置应同时具备较高的柔韧性、能量密度和功率密度,因此适合的电极材料、电解质以及先进的电极结构设计十分重要。近年来,用于柔性EES装置的具有特定组分和独特结构的复合材料得到了广泛的研究,且采用复合材料的装置的弯曲、拉伸和压缩能力远优于单组分材料装置的性能,因此,我们概述了用于柔性LIBs和SCs的柔性电极复合材料以及复合电解质的最新进展,并特别关注复合材料在可穿戴电子器件中柔性EES装置的应用,此外,还简要介绍了实现整个装置柔性和可拉伸性的结构设计,重点介绍了其未来的发展前景和研究方向。

Flexible electrochemical energy storage(EES)devices such as lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)and supercapacitors(SCs)can be integrated into flexible electronics to provide power for portable and steady operations under continuous mechanical deformation.Flexible EES devices should simultaneously possess high flexibility,energy density and power density,thus requiring appropriate electrode materials,electrolytes and advanced structural designs of the electrodes.Composite materials with specific components and unique structures have been widely investigated recently as flexible EES devices because these materials endow the devices with good bending,stretching and compression capacity and are much better than single-component materials.Thus,we will give a detailed overview of the recent progress in composite electrode materials and composite electrolytes suitable for flexible LIBs&SCs,and focus on the role of composite materials for applications in flexible EES devices of wearable electronics.We also give a brief introduction of structural designs to achieve flexibility and stretchability at device/system levels.Finally,future perspectives and research directions are discussed.