英国研究型高校教育投入体系及其特点--基于罗素集团的实证分析

Educational Investment System and Its Features of Research Universities in the UK:An Empirical Analysis Based on Russell Group

受政府削减教育开支的影响,以罗素集团成员为代表的英国研究型高校教育投入的资金来源呈多元化态势,资金来源结构存在校际差异和区域差异,投入方向的校际差异和区域差距小,投入方向重在教职工薪金。英国研究型高校教育投入在资金来源多样化基础上各展所长,在资金获取中具有弹性激励机制,在教育投入方向趋同基础上有一定的灵活性,均等化的薪金体系和灵活设计使高校人员开支更为理性。英国研究型高校教育投入的资金来源体系和投入方向对解决当前我国研究型高校发展中的资金来源较为单一、人员开支低、薪金差距大引发的"孔雀东南飞"等问题具有借鉴意义。

Under the influence of the government’s reduction of education expenditure, the sources of investment in education of British research universities represented by Russell group members are diversified. There are inter school and regional differences in the structure of capital sources. The inter school and regional differences in investment direction are small, and the investment direction focuses on the salaries of teachers and workers. Based on the diversification of funding sources, research universities in the UK have their own advantages. They have a flexible incentive mechanism in the acquisition of funding. They have certain flexibility on the basis of the convergence of the direction of investment in education. The equal salary system and flexible design make the expenditure of university staff more reasonable. The source system and direction of investment in education of research-oriented universities in the UK can be used for reference to solve the problems in the development of research-oriented universities in China, such as the single source of funds, low personnel expenditure, and large salary gap, etc.