黄河三角洲海岸潮沟形态特征的遥感分析

A morphological analysis of tidal creek in the Yellow River Delta based on remote sensing

本文根据1976年-2016年遥感影像和野外观测数据,对黄河三角洲潮沟的平面形态变化进行了分析。结果表明:(1)潮滩总面积呈递减趋势,特别是Ⅱ区近乎消亡,其大多转向建设用地、农田等;(2)研究区潮沟分为3级,各级潮沟数量比不具明显规律性,其中3个时期潮沟总数量与各级潮沟数量的变化趋势较一致;(3)潮沟平均长度呈依次减小趋势,潮沟空间分布特征变异较大,大规模人类活动明显地抑制了潮沟的发育;(4)潮沟密度依次增大,2016年达到最大值为0.971 km/km^2;潮沟曲率平均值是1.273,其变化幅度较小,2016年潮沟曲率达到最大值为1.716;潮沟分汊率依次增大,2016年达到最大值为0.363个/km^2;(5)潮沟摆动性无显著性差异,4个周期的摆动范围分别为1.13 km、1.31 km、0.93 km和1.19 km。

Combing remote sensing images and field observation data, we analyzed the changes of coastal tidal creek morphology from 1976 to 2016 in the Yellow River delta. The results showed that:(1)The area of tidal flat showed a trend of decline, especially areaⅡhas almost demise, which was mostly being transformed into construction land and farmland, etc.(2)The tidal ditchesin the study area were divided into three levels, and the number of tidal ditches of each level did not show obvious regularity. The total number of tidal creeks in three periods was consistent with the variation trend of the number of tidal ditches at all levels.(3) The average length of thetidal creeks decreases successively in turn, the spatial distribution of tidal creeks varies greatly, and the development of tidal creeks is obviously inhibited by intensive human activities.(4) The density of tidal groove increases successively over time, showing the maximum is 0.971 km/km^2, in 2016. Over all, the average curvature of tidal creeks of all the 5 phases is 1.273, which the developed curvature is relatively small, with the maximum of 1.716, in 2016.The branching rate of tidal groove in 5 phases increases successively and the maximum is 0.363/km^2 in 2016.(5) No significant difference of the level of tidal creek oscillation was detected, with showing the swing scopes of 4 periods are 1.13 km, 1.31 km, 0.93 km and 1.19 km, respectively.