溶瘤病毒检测循环肿瘤细胞在膀胱癌精准治疗中的应用展望

Application prospect of oncolytic virus detection of circulating tumor cell in precision medicine of bladder cancer

膀胱癌(bladder cancer,BC)的发病率和死亡率仍持续升高,预后差。因此,迫切需要更好的生物标志物来推进BC的精准诊治。循环肿瘤细胞(circulating tumor cell,CTC)不同检测技术方法的局限性导致了CTC能否作为BC诊治的生物标志物观点尚未明确。文章对目前CTC检测技术方法进行了比较分析,并对溶瘤病毒联合CTC对恶性肿瘤患者的筛查诊断、分期分级、疗效监测、预后评估和个体化治疗这5个方面进行了综述。对溶瘤病毒检测CTC在膀胱癌中的应用进行了评价。结果认为使用携带荧光蛋白的溶瘤病毒联合荧光显微镜,流式细胞仪来检测CTC,此方法仅检测活的CTC,而不会检测已死亡的CTC,CTC计数更准确高效,灵敏度和特异度高,并可进行CTC表型分析以及单细胞测序,可用于膀胱癌的筛查、诊断、指导靶向治疗,评估疗效及判断预后,对推进膀胱癌的精准诊治有着非常广阔的临床应用前景。

Morbidity and mortality rates of bladder cancer(BC)are still rising with a poor prognosis.Therefore,better bio⁃markers are urgently needed to advance the accurate diagnosis and treatment of BC.The limitations of the different detection techniques of circulating tumor cell(CTC)cause that the CTC as biomarkers of point of view of diagnosis and treatment of BC is not yet clear.This review first compares and analyzes the current CTC detection technology methods,and then reviews the five aspects of screening,diag⁃nosis,staging,curative effect monitoring,prognostic evaluation,and personalized treatment of patients with malignant tumors with on⁃colytic virus and CTC.The application of oncolytic virus detection CTC in BC was evaluated.The results suggest that oncolytic virus with fluorescent protein combined with fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometer are used to detect CTC.This method can be only used to detect live CTCs,instead of dead CTCs.The CTC count is more accurate,efficient with high sensitivity and specificity.It can also perform phenotypic analysis of CTC and single⁃cell sequencing.It can be used for screening,diagnosis,and guidance of targeted therapy for bladder cancer,assessing efficacy and judging prognosis which has a very broad clinical application prospect for advancing the accurate diagnosis and treatment of BC.