OCTA在检测阿尔茨海默症临床前期视网膜微血管改变中的应用

Application of OCTA in the detection of retinal microvascular changes in Alzheimer's disease in preclinical stage

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)是老年痴呆症最常见的病因之一,症状往往在大脑退化性改变数年后才出现,早期诊断困难,既往诊断方法一般为侵入性的检查。大部分AD患者伴有视觉障碍,利用近年来兴起的光学相干断层扫描血管成像技术(optical coherence tomography angiography,OCTA),可以无创、快速地评估视网膜和脉络膜不同血管丛内的结构,将视网膜作为观察大脑的窗口以提高我们对神经系统疾病的认识,可能有助于AD患者的早期诊断。本文将对OCTA应用于神经系统疾病研究的特点,以及在AD患者大脑和视网膜结构、功能研究的相关文献进行综述。

·Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is one of the most common causes of Dementia in the world,with symptoms often appearing years after the degenerative changes in the brain.Therefore,the early diagnosis of AD is difficult and the previous diagnostic methods are generally invasive.Considering that most patients with AD are accompanied by visual impairment,the retina can be regarded as a window into the brain.Recently,optical coherence tomography(OCTA)can be used for noninvasive and rapid assessment of structure within different vascular plexuses in the retina and choroid.This improves our understanding of neurological diseases,and more likely contributes to the early diagnosis of AD patients.This paper reviewed the relevant literatures on the application of OCTA in the study of neurological diseases,as well as the structure and function of the brain and retina in patients with AD.