积极反馈对沟通双方积极情感的影响:积极共情的调节作用

Effects of Positive Feedback on Positive Affect of Both Sides:The Mediating Role of Positive Empathy

目的:探讨积极共情对积极反馈影响沟通双方积极情感过程的调节作用。方法:采用随机分组法,将188名大学生随机分为3个实验组(组A、组B和组C)、1个控制组(组D),进行持续1周的实验操作(组A:记录积极事件并收到积极反馈;组B:提供积极反馈;组C:仅记录积极事件;组D:记录流水账),并在实验前、实验结束时和实验结束2周后,使用积极情绪量表和生活满意度量表测量被试的积极情感。结果:①记录、分享和反馈积极事件1周并不足以提升沟通双方的积极情感;②对于反馈提供者,其积极共情水平在积极反馈对自身积极情感的影响过程中起到调节作用,积极共情水平越高,通过给别人积极反馈获得的积极情感提升越多;③对于反馈接受者,积极反馈对其积极情感产生影响的过程并未受到对方积极共情水平的调节作用,但其感受到的被理解程度对自身积极情感的提升有正向作用。结论:积极共情对共情者在给予积极反馈过程中的自身积极情感提升起到调节作用,但对被共情者在接受积极反馈过程中的积极情感提升未起到调节作用。

Objective:To explore the mediating effects of positive empathy on both sides in the process of positive feed⁃back.Methods:188 college students were randomly assigned to 4 groups(Group A:documenting positive events and get⁃ting positive feedback;Group B:providing positive feedback;Group C:documenting positive events;Group D:documenting daily life).After 1 week’s experiment,the post data were collected.Results:①Documenting,sharing and providing posi⁃tive feedback for 1 week had no significant impact on subjects’positive affect.②Positive empathy played a mediating role between positive feedback and the feedback-giver’s positive affect,that is,the higher one’s positive empathy level was,the more likely he/she would benefit from the positive feedback process.③Positive empathy did not mediate the process be⁃tween positive feedback and the feedback-receiver’s positive affect,whereas the feedback receiver’s positive affect im⁃proved with the feeling of“being understood”.Conclusion:Positive empathy helps improving one’s own positive affect when he/she provides positive feedback to others,however,the person who receives the feedback may not benefit from this positive empathy.