亚临床抑郁大学生的分离性快感缺失及其与共情的关系

Relationship between Anhedonia and Empathy in College Students with Subclinical Depression

目的:考察亚临床抑郁大学生的快感缺失特征,以及共情能力对快感缺失的预测作用。方法:采用分层便利取样,选取北京市大学生(N=646)进行问卷调查,所有被试需填写愉快情绪体验量表、人际反应指标问卷、贝克抑郁自评量表第二版、状态-特质焦虑问卷和认知灵活性问卷,采用分层回归进行统计分析。结果:①亚临床抑郁在大学生群体中的发生率为23.1%;②与对照组相比,亚临床抑郁大学生期待性快感体验维度得分显著偏低,而消费性快感体验维度得分无显著差异;③共情能力中的想象力能显著正向预测期待性和消费性快感体验;观点采择能显著正向预测消费性快感体验。结论:亚临床抑郁在大学生群体中有较高的发生率。亚临床抑郁个体表现出期待性快感缺失,而消费性快感体验无显著损伤。共情能力可能是亚临床抑郁个体快感缺失症状的保护性因素。

Objective:To investigate the existence of anhedonia and its relation with empathy among college students with subclinical depression.Methods:Using stratified convenience sampling,participants(N=646)were recruited from nine colleges in Beijing.All participants were required to complete Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale(TEPS),Interpersonal Reactivity Index-C(IRI-C),Beck Depression Inventory-Ⅱ(BDI-Ⅱ),State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI),Cognitive Flexibility Inventory(CFI).Results:①The incidence of subclinical depression in college students was 23.1%;②Anticipa⁃tory pleasure scores were significantly lower in participants with subclinical depression than the controls;③Fantasy positively predicted anticipatory pleasure in subclinical depression students at a marginally significant level;Perspective taking and fantasy positively predicted consummatory pleasure.Conclusion:College students may be a population at high risk for depression.Subclinical depressed students show deficits in anticipatory anhedonia but not in consummatory anhedonia.Empathy may play a protective role in developing anhedonia symptoms among subclinical depressed individuals.