糖尿病视网膜神经变性的研究进展

The advances of diabetic retinal neurodegeneration

糖尿病视网膜神经变性(DRN)是在高血糖环境中由于氧化应激、微血管损伤、代谢紊乱、神经营养因子失衡和免疫损伤等多种因素造成的视网膜神经血管单元正常功能受损。神经元和神经胶质功能障碍的丧失参与血视网膜屏障破坏,血管反应和神经血管耦合受损,从而导致微血管病变和神经变性。越来越多的研究证明,DRN与糖尿病微血管病变及糖尿病视网膜病变发病机制相关。更深入地了解神经血管损伤的发病机制可能会为糖尿病视网膜病变提供新的和更有效的预防策略。

Diabetic retinal neurodegeneration(DRN)is a condition in which the normal function of retinal neurovascular units is impaired due to various factors such as oxidative stress,microvascular damage,metabolic disorders,neurotrophic factor imbalance,and immune damage in hyperglycemia environment.The loss of neurons and glial dysfunction is involved in the destruction of the blood-retinal barrier,impaired vascular response and neurovascular coupling,leading to microvascular disease and neurodegeneration.More and more studies have proved that DRN is associated with microangiopathy and diabetic retinopathy pathogenesis.A deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of neurovascular injury may provide new and more effective prevention strategies for diabetic retinopathy.