合肥地区116例老年患者翼状胬肉流行病学表现及危险因素分析

Analysis of the epidemiology and risk factors of pterygium in 116 elderly patients in Hefei area

目的研究合肥地区50岁以上翼状胬肉患者流行病学表现并分析影响其发病的相关危险因素。方法采用病例对照研究方法,回顾性调查2017年10月—2019年10月间安徽省第二人民医院眼科手术治疗的老年翼状胬肉116例患者临床资料作为观察组,选择同期住院手术治疗的非翼状胬肉患者116例作为对照组,分析本地区老年人群翼状胬肉的分布特征以及影响其发病的相关因素。结果符合调查条件翼状胬肉患者116例(135眼)。通过多重logistic回归分析显示农村人群(OR=1.260,95%CI:1.360~2.877,P<0.001)、粉尘接触史(OR=3.895,95%CI:2.850~5.180,P<0.001)、户外活动时间长(OR=1.456,95%CI:1.010~2.556,P=0.016)、高龄(OR=5.055,95%CI:1.585~15.360,P=0.006)、是否佩戴眼镜(OR=0.305,95%CI:0.136~1.650,P<0.001)和翼状胬肉发病密切相关。结论农村人口、高龄、较长的户外活动时间以及长期的粉尘接触史是翼状胬肉发生的独立危险因素,而佩戴眼镜是其保护性因素。通过适当的健康宣教引导老年人群进行正确的户外活动可能减少翼状胬肉的发病率。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of pterygium patients over 50 years old in Hefei area and analyze the related risk factors affecting its incidence.Methods Using case-control study method,the clinical data of 116 elderly patients with pterygium treated by surgery in Anhui Second People's Hospital from October 2017 to Oc-tober 2019 were retrospectively investigated as observation group,and 116 non-pterygium patients treated by surgery in the same period were selected as control group.The distribution characteristics of pterygium in the elderly population in this area and the related factors affecting its incidence were analyzed.Results Total 116 cases(135 eyes)of pterygium met the investigation conditions.Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the rural population(OR=1.260,95%CI:1.360-2.877,P<0.001),dust exposure history(OR=3.895,95%CI:2.850-5.180,P<0.001),long out-door activity time(OR=1.456,95%CI:1.010-2.556,P=0.016),old age(OR=5.055,95%CI:1.585-15.360,P=0.006),whether wearing glasses(OR=0.305,95%CI:0.136-1.650,P=0.004)were closely related to pterygium.Conclusion Rural population,old age,long time of outdoor activities and long history of dust exposure are the independent risk factors of pterygium,while wearing glasses is the protective factor.It is possible to reduce the in-cidence of pterygium through proper health education to guide the elderly to carry out correct outdoor activities.