新疆阿克苏地区6~11岁儿童近视状况及影响因素分析

Analysis of myopia and influencing factors in children aged 6 - 11 in Aksu area of Xinjiang

目的分析新疆阿克苏地区6~11岁儿童患近视情况及相关影响因素,为新疆阿克苏地区儿童近视的防治提供理论依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,将新疆阿克苏地区所有小学定义为群,以群为抽样单位,随机抽取5所小学作为样本来源,本研究中共选择该地区1~5年级年龄为6~11岁的学生6439名作为研究对象,采用问卷调查的方式调查研究对象近视情况,并对可能引起近视的相关因素进行多因素logistic回归分析。结果近视情况:6439名6~11岁儿童中共筛查出1153例近视儿童,近视率为17.91%;其中轻度近视最为多见,占近视总人数的85.08%(981/1153),中高度近视172例,占近视总人数的14.92%。单因素分析结果显示与儿童近视相关的因素包括年龄、年级、父母患近视出生季节、喜好电脑/手机游戏(均P<0.05),与性别不相关(P>0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示年龄、年级、父母患近视、喜好手机/电脑游戏是儿童近视的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论新疆阿克苏地区6~11岁儿童的近视患病率较高,儿童近视的发生与年龄、年级、父母患近视、喜好手机/电脑游戏等因素密切相关,可从上述方面加以管理,做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗的二级预防,旨在全面提高儿童视觉质量。

Objective To explore and study the myopia status and its related influencing factors of children aged 6-11 in Aksu area of Xinjiang,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of myopia.Methods U-sing stratified cluster sampling method,all primary schools in Aksu area of Xinjiang were defined as a group,and five primary schools were randomly selected as the sample source.In this study,6439 students aged 6-11 in grade 1-5 in this area were selected as the research objects.The myopia of the research objects was investigated by questionnaire.Lo-gistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors of myopia.Results Among 6439 children aged 6-11 years,1153 cases of myopia were screened,with a myopia rate of 17.91%.Among them,mild myopia was the most common,accounting for 85.08%(981/1153)of the total number of myopia,172 cases of middle and high myopia,ac-counting for 14.92%of the total number of myopia.The results of single factor analysis showed that the factors related to children's myopia included age,grade and parents'myopia(P<0.05),but there was no statistical difference with gender(P>0.05).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,grade,parents'myopia and prefer-ence for mobile phone/computer games were independent factors of myopia in children(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of myopia in children aged 6-11 years old in Aksu area of Xinjiang is relatively high.The occurrence of chil-dren's myopia is significantly associated with age,grade,parents'myopia,preference for mobile phone/computer games.It can be managed from the above aspects to achieve the secondary prevention of early discovery,early diagnosis,early treatment,so as to comprehensively improve the visual quality of children.