流动时代的农村随迁父母代际分担的特点、突出问题及影响

The Characters,Prominent Problems,and Influence of Intergenerational Sharing by Rural Migrant Grandparents in the Era of Flowing Population

照料责任的家庭代际分担是流动时代家庭研究中备受关注的主题。根据2018年对现居河南省的农村随迁父母的追踪调查数据,对流动时代的农村随迁父母家庭照料"向下"代际分担的特征、问题、影响因素及政策需求研究发现:在经济制度转型和快速的市场化过程中,代际支持不仅没有消减,反而趋向强化;进城务工"双就业"夫妻"照料服务"从农村向城市转移;祖辈的代际分担比重高;父母"向下"代际分担行为具有显著的性别差异;女性老人"向下"代际分担强度的增大对其情感健康有负向作用;农村家庭的"照料危机"导致留守儿童监管力度减小和问题行为增加。

Intergeneration sharing of child care is a topic that receives much attention in family research in the era of flowing population. According to the tracking survey data of rural migrant grandparents living in Henan province in 2018,we make research on the characteristics,problems,influencing factors and policy requirement of child-care intergenerational sharing by rural migrant grandparents in the era of flowing population. It is found out that,instead of decreasing,the intergenerational support strengthens in the process of economic system transformation and rapid marketization;rural husband and wife who both go to work in the city also need care services that transfer from the village to city;intergenerational sharing by grandparents weighs higher;there exists significant sex difference in child-care intergenerational sharing;old women take more responsibility in grandchild-care generally and when this duty strengthens it will have negative influence to their emotional health;the "care service crisis" in rural family may result to the decrease of supervision of left-behind children and increase of behavior problems.