儿童先天性腹泻病的病因研究进展

Progress in etiology of congenital diarrheal disorders in children

儿童慢性腹泻会影响多种营养物质的吸收从而导致儿童生长迟缓和发育不良,诸多原因可导致慢性腹泻的发生,寻找病因是治疗的前提。最新研究将儿童慢性腹泻分为获得性腹泻和先天性腹泻病(congenital diarrheal disorders,CDDs)。CDDs根据其病理生理的特征可以分为肠上皮营养物质或电解质转运障碍、肠上皮细胞酶缺陷和代谢紊乱、肠上皮细胞分化和极化缺陷、肠道内分泌细胞缺陷和肠道免疫应答的缺陷。该文就儿童先天性腹泻病的病因研究进展做一综述。

Chronic diarrhea in children can affect the absorption of multiple nutrients resulting in growth retardation and stunting.Many causes can lead to chronic diarrhea,and finding out the etiology is the premise of treatment.A new study classified chronic diarrhea in children as acquired diarrhea and congenital diarrheal disorders(CDDs).According to its pathophysiological characteristics,CDDs can be divided into defects of digestion,absorption and transport of nutrients or electrolytes,defects of intestinal epithelial enzymes and metabolic disorders,defects of absorptive enterocyte differentiation or polarization,defects of the enteroendocrine cells and defects of the immune system affecting the intestine.This review summarizes the advances in etiology of CDDs in children.