耐大环内酯类药物的儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的研究进展

Progress of macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children

肺炎支原体肺炎是常见的社区获得性肺炎之一,大环内酯类药物是治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的首选药物。亚洲大环内酯类耐药形势严峻,且有逐年上升趋势。目前文献报道肺炎支原体的耐药机制主要是23S rRNA基因突变。感染耐药菌株的患儿更容易出现重症肺炎的临床表现,甚至发生急性呼吸窘迫综合征。肺炎支原体耐药性的增加与大环内酯类药物的使用频率过高及应用时间过长有关。该文就耐大环内酯类药物的儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的研究过程与现状、机制、临床表现及其与大环内酯类药物的关系等方面予以综述。

Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia is one of the common community-acquired pneumonia.Macrolides are the drugs of first choice for the treatment of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children.The macrolide resistance in Asia is severe and has a rising trend year by year.The mechanism is mainly the 23S rRNA gene mutation.Children infected with drug-resistant strains are more likely to have clinical manifestations of severe pneumonia,and even acute respiratory distress syndrome.The increased resistance of mycoplasma pneumoniae is related to the high frequency and long application time of macrolides.This article reviews the research progress,status,mechanism,clinical manifestations and its relationship with macrolide-resistant mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children.