智力障碍儿童的攻击行为:基于执行功能的视角

Aggressive behavior of children with intellectual disabilities:based on perspective of executive functions

攻击行为是指有目的、有意图地伤害或试图伤害他人心理或身体状况及破坏其他目标的行为,智力障碍儿童常常伴有攻击行为。执行功能与智力障碍儿童攻击行为的关系密切。与智力正常儿童相比,智力障碍儿童执行功能差主要体现在抑制控制上,他们的抑制控制能力差,常常将侵略冲动转化为实际的侵略行为。脑机制研究发现:智力障碍儿童的前额叶皮质发展不良可能与他们的攻击行为有关。对智力障碍儿童的干预研究表明,执行功能训练可能在减少攻击行为上有一定优势,未来研究应当关注执行功能,尤其是对抑制控制进行有效训练的方法,并将其与其他干预方式结合,更好地解决智力障碍儿童的攻击行为问题。

Aggressive behavior refers a purposeful,intentional injury or an attempt to harm the psychological or physical condition of others and undermine other objectives.Children with intellectual disabilities are often associated with aggressive behavior.The latest research suggests that executive functions(EFs)relate closely with aggressive behavior.Compared with their healthy peers,intellectual disabilities children might be characterized by poor executive functions in terms of inhibitory control.Researches on brain mechanism find a close relationship between the prefrontal cortex(PFC)and aggressive behavior.Some intervention studies suggest that EFs training might have some advantages in reducing aggressive behavior;and therefore,to increase the validity of EFs training,inhibitory control training in particular,will be the focus of future research in order to provide efficient solutions to the aggressive behavior by combining other interventions.