中国海洋渔业转型与深蓝渔业战略性新兴产业

Chinese marine fishery transformation and strategic emerging industry of deep ocean fishery

中国的渔业发展为保障粮食安全、增加优质动物蛋白供应发挥了重要作用。由于近海渔业资源衰退、水域环境恶化、生产方式粗放、产业结构不合理等影响因素,海洋渔业发展空间受到了限制,拓展渔业发展空间,向深远海域发展的需求与日俱增。该文从中国渔业转型的发展要求、发展现状和制约因素出发,重点分析了深远海养殖的发展潜力,提出了深蓝渔业“养捕加一体化”的概念。阐明了深蓝渔业由深远海工业化养殖、海洋生物战略性种群资源利用、水产品高值化加工与冷链物流系统、种质资源开发和渔业船联网等要素构成,具体阐述了其发展方式,旨在为推进中国深蓝渔业发展提供参考。

Fishery development in China has played an important role in ensuring food security and increasing the supply of high-quality animal protein.However,affected by the declining of inshore fishery resources,deterioration of water environment,extensive production mode and improper industrial structure,the marine fishery development space has been compressed,and the demand to expand the fishery development space to the far sea is increasing day by day.This paper,based on the development requirements,development status and constraints of China’s fishery transformation,analyzes the development potential of deep sea aquaculture,puts forward the concept of deep ocean fishery of“integration of aquaculture,fishing and processing”,clarifies the fact that the deep ocean fishery consists of offshore industrialized mariculture,strategic population resource utilization of marine biology,high-value processing and cold chain logistics system for aquatic products,germplasm resource development and fishing vessel network system,and expounds the development way,aiming to provide reference for promoting the development of deep ocean fishery in China.