场发射冷阴极的技术现状及其应用研究进展

Technology Status and Application Research Progress of Field Emission Cold Cathodes

基于场发射冷阴极的真空电子器件被广泛应用于通讯、医疗、安全监测等领域,本文主要回顾了近年来场发射冷阴极及其真空电子器件的最新研究进展,介绍了现行冷阴极中使用的低维纳米材料和新型复合式结构,详细探讨了场发射冷阴极在微波管、电子显微技术、X射线管及真空纳米间隙晶体管中的应用现状。最后,着重阐述了真空电子微系统的科学概念,并对未来的应用前景进行了展望。

Field emission cold-cathode plays an important role in the fields of communication,medication and security detection.In this paper,the latest progresses in cold-cathode and the related vacuum electronic devices were reviewed.Firstly,the nano-materials and hybrid nanostructures utilized in current cold-cathode were presented.Furthermore,the application status of cold-cathode in microwave tubes,electron microscope techniques,X-ray tubes and nanoscale vacuum channel transistors were discussed in detail.Finally,the scientific concept of vacuum electronic microsystem was emphasized,providing its prospect for the future research.