新自由主义在教育中的含义和政治学

The Meanings and Politics of Neoliberalism in Education

聚焦新自由主义、社会阶级、种族、性别和教育之间的复杂关系。通过回顾大卫·哈维、艾华·翁和斯图亚特·霍尔对新自由主义的批判,强调从政治经济学、文化研究、社会学等多种视角来理解新自由主义的重要性。以择校改革为例,分析了新自由主义在教育中的实践、影响和启示。越来越多的批判教育研究关注新自由主义中的"择校"话题,对这些文献的研究表明,新自由主义通过社会阶级、种族、性别等多种形式对教育产生了广泛影响,而且这些影响错综复杂、并非此消彼长。最后,呼吁不仅要更关注反新自由主义的局部斗争,而且要重视反新自由主义霸权的整体进程。

This essay looks at the complex relation between neoliberalism,social class,race,gender,and education.We first review some major general critiques of neoliberalism from David Harvey,Aihwa Ong,and Stuart Hall to highlight the importance of understanding neoliberalism from political-economic,cultural,and sociological perspectives.We then take school choice reforms as an example to discuss the practices,effects,and implications of neoliberalism in education.Drawing on the growing number of critical educational studies that examine neoliberal agendas of“choice”,we point out that neoliberalism works through social class,racial,and gender forms,and thus it has differential effects that are not reducible to each other.Finally,we call for much greater attention to local struggles against neoliberalism and to processes that counter neoliberal hegemonic processes.