基于经典力学的油菜直播机旋耕功耗分析与仿真

Power analysis and simulation of rotary tillage for the rape seeding machine based on classical mechanics

由湖南农业大学自主研发的2BYD-6型油菜直播机,采用T245型国标旋耕刀,左右弯刀各20把,以阿基米德螺线排布,旋转半径为0.287 5 m。基于经典力学,提出旋耕作业过程中切割土壤体积的计算方法以及其受力平衡方程,计算刀片在作业过程中的切土扭矩和抛土扭矩,建立了旋耕功耗的计算模型,分析了旋耕功耗与直播机运动参数的关系。旋耕功耗模型计算结果表明,旋耕刀作业过程中,水平方向受力随着刀轴转速和直播机前进速度的增大而增加,垂直方向受力变化较小,直播机前进速度分别为0.4、0.5、0.6 m/s时,旋耕功耗与刀轴转速呈线性关系,拟合方程分别为y=-4.481+0.101 6x、y=-4.947+0.109 0x、y=-4.466+0.113 0x。采用EDEM仿真模拟计算油菜直播机旋耕功耗,在前进速度分别为0.4、0.5、0.6 m/s,刀轴转速为100~160 r/min条件下,与功耗模型计算结果的误差为2.51%~6.69%。

The 2BYD-6 rape seeding machine was designed by Hunan Agricultural University,which install the T245 type rotary tiller blade with 20 left curved blades and 20 right curved blades arranging with Archimedes spiral.The rotation radius of the blade is 0.2875 m.Based on the classical mechanics,a calculation method had established for rotary tillage’s soil cutting volume as well as the force balance equation.The torque for cutting and throwing soil was calculated,respectively.A power consumption model for rotary tillage was established to analysis the relationship between the working parameters of the rape seeding machine and the rotary tillage power consumption.The results showed that the force in horizontal direction was increases with an increase in the rotation speed and the machine's forward speed.The force in vertical direction fluctuated little with the rotation speed and the forward speed.Under the forward speed of 0.4,0.5,and 0.6 m/s,the rotary tillage power consumption has a linear relationship dependent on the rotation speed.The fitting equations were y=-4.481+0.1016x,y=-4.947+0.1090x,y=-4.466+0.1130x.Compared the EDEM simulation results,the errors are from 2.51%to 6.69%,under the forward speed of 0.4 m/s to 0.6 m/s and the rotation speed of 100 r/min to 160 r/min.