新一代双偏振天气雷达(CINRAD/SAD)精细化探测技术

Fine Detection Technology of New Generation Dual Polarization Weather Radar(CINRAD/SAD)

新一代双偏振天气雷达在暴雨、台风等灾害性天气监测和预警中发挥了重要的作用。随着气象现代化发展以及预报时效性、精细化度的要求不断提高,S波段新一代双偏振天气雷达已不能充分满足发展过程迅速的中小尺度天气系统的研究、预警。气象雷达的时空分辨率对探测强对流过程中小尺度结构有重要作用,提高天气雷达时空分辨率是精细化探测技术的关键,本文着重从新一代天气雷达的时空分辨率、体扫方式等方面,通过对天气雷达脉冲重复频率、信号处理方法及扫描方式等进行改进,提高新一代双偏振天气雷达对中小尺度气旋和龙卷风等灾害性天气的探测能力,以获取快速变化的天气过程精细化特征,获得更新更快、分辨率更高的观测资料。

The new generation of dual-polarized weather radar plays an important role in the monitoring and early warning of severe weather such as heavy rainall and typhoons.With the development of meteorological modernization and the increasing requirements for timeliness and refinement,the S-band new generation dual-polarization weather radar cannot fully meet the needs of rapid development of researches and the early warning of small and medium-scale weather systems.The space-time resolution of meteorological radar plays an important role in detecting small-scale structures in strong convection.Improving the temporal and spatial resolution of weather radar is the key to refined detection technology.This paper focuses on the temporal and spatial resolution of the new generation weather radar and the antenna sweeping method so as to improve the weather radar pulse repetition frequency,signal processing and scanning methods,to improve the capability of a new generation dual-polarized weather radar to detect catastrophic weather such as small-and medium-sized cyclones and tornadoes and to get more accurate observations with faster refinement of weather processes.