大庭美奈子文学中的“南京”书写

The Writing of Nanjing in Oba Minako’s Literature

大庭美奈子是和中国、尤其是和南京有着特殊渊源的日本女作家。在大庭美奈子的幼年时期,日本政府的战争宣传及军国主义教育让她知道了被书写的“中国”与“南京”;20世纪50年代初,刚刚大学毕业的大庭美奈子遇到了竹内好翻译的《野草》,在精神上邂逅了鲁迅;在1959—1970年长达十一年的旅美生活期间,她又遇到了英译本《老子》,从而在精神上邂逅了中国哲学;1980年在俄勒冈大学讲学期间,她偶遇生活在美国的“南京人”,同年参加爱荷华州举办的国际写作计划时与中国作家王蒙相遇并开始了文学交流。在大庭美奈子的世界中,长期的、不间断的“中国”“南京”碰触让她在心中形成了一定的中国、南京印象。她的散文《南京》发表于《钟山》1987年第6期,并被编入了中国的中学语文教材,受到了广泛阅读。该作品体现出作家高度的历史责任感,放射着人道主义的光辉,是近现代中日两国文学交流中的一段佳缘。

Oba Minako is a Japanese female writer who has a special origin with China,especially with Nanjing.During her childhood,the Japanese government’s propaganda and militarism education made“China”known to Oba Minako.In early 1950s,when she graduated from university,she met with Lu Xun’s The Wild Weeds,translated by Takeuchi Yoshimi,thus she encountered Lu Xun in spirit.During the eleven years of living in America in 1959--1970,she encountered the Chinese Philosophy in spirit via reading the Enlish version of Tao Te Ching.During her lecture at the University of Oregon,she met“Nanjing people”living in the United States by chance.In the same year,she participated in the international writing program held in the State of Iowa,met with Wang Meng,a famous Chinese writer,and began the literary exchanges.The long-term and continuous contact with China and“Nanjing”in the world gave her a certain impression of China and“Nanjing”.However,Oba is not satisfied with this,as she wrote:I have a desire to go to China and Nanjing anyway,and confirm with my own eyes what has happened there.Nanjing,a prose written by Oba Minako,was published in a magazine named Zhongshan(No.6,1987),which was incorporated into Chinese middle school textbooks and widely read.This prose embodies the writer’s high sense of historical responsibility and radiates the brilliance of humanitarianism,which is a much told tale in the literary exchanges between China and Japan in modern times.