农村贫困减缓与县域经济发展的时空耦合效应研究--基于贵州省88个县(区)的实证研究

Spatio-temporal coupling effect of rural poverty alleviation on county economic development:An empirical study based on 88 districts and counties in Guizhou province

应用传统统计研究手段和探索性空间数据研究方法,对贵州省88个县(区)的经济发展水平、贫困发生率整体情况进行研究,从全局空间和局部空间相结合的视角,揭示县域经济发展和贫困的耦合交互关系,从空间耦合效应角度寻求区域经济发展和贫困的协同发展,为精准扶贫的可持续性提供动力机制。研究结果显示,贵州省经济发展较好的区域主要分布在黔中、黔北与黔西北地区,贫困发生率分布整体呈现中北部低、西南部高的"U"型态势,黔北和黔西南部分地区减贫速率较快。经济发展与贫困发生率的耦合协调度在研究时段内呈现出下降趋势,且空间分布差异显著。低耦合协调地区主要位于贵阳市所属区以及周边县(区),经济发展基础好,充分发挥了中心城市辐射带动作用与经济涓滴效应。高度耦合协调地区主要位于黔东南地区,为空间贫困陷阱区域。据此,提出贵州省应继续推进易地扶贫搬迁、产业扶贫等政策,弥补因区域经济发展不足而陷入贫困的县(区),同时为其他区域扶贫攻坚和精准扶贫提供现实参考。

In this paper, the overall situation of economic development level and poverty incidence in 88 districts and counties of Guizhou province were analyzed by traditional statistical methods and exploratory spatial data. From the combination perspective of global and local space, the coupling interaction between county economic development and poverty were revealed to seek the coordinated development of regional economic development and poverty alleviation from the perspective of spatial coupling effect and provide a dynamic mechanism for the sustainability of precise poverty alleviation. The result showed that the regions with better economic development in Guizhou Province mainly distributed in the central, northern and northwestern regions. The overall distribution of poverty incidence is "U" type situation that low in the north-central,high in the southwest part of Guizhou Province. The poverty reduction rate in some parts of Northern Guizhou and southwest Guizhou presented more rapidly. The degree of coupling and coordination between economic development and poverty incidence showed a downward trend in the study period, and the spatial distribution was significantly different. The low coupling coordination area is mainly located in the districts of Guiyang City and the surrounding counties, which developed well in economic and fully played a radiation driving role and trickle-down effect of the economy. Highly coupled and coordinated areas are mainly located in southeastern Guizhou, which belong to spatial poverty trap area. It suggested that the policies such as relocation and industrial poverty alleviation, etc., should be continuously promoted in Guizhou Province to make up for the poverty-stricken districts and counties.