晚清改良与革命叙事中的台湾述论

On Taiwan in the Narrative of Reform and Revolution in the Late Qing Dynasty

台湾被日本全面占领后,大陆各界人士对台湾的关注,除了聚焦日本殖民统治者的残暴统治与台民的反抗,还留心日人在台湾的统治政策及效果。此时的台湾,在晚清改良与革命的舆论中,成为一个特殊的"参照"。改良人士将日本统治台湾的"成效"作为反思内政改革的依据。提倡"反清"革命的知识分子则通过叙述台湾的历史遭遇及割台痛史,宣传"反满"革命的合理性。不过,除却改良及革命宣传的需要,晚清涉台言论更多地还是论述救亡图存的严峻形势以及对台湾同胞的同情,明言"割台"乃"最大之国耻";对日本所谓治台成绩的认知,也并非一味的肯定和提倡仿效,更没有忘却台湾本属中国却被外族统治的实质。

After Taiwan was completely occupied by Japan,people from all walks of life in the mainland focused not only on the cruelty of Japanese colonial rulers and the resistance of pepole in Taiwan,but also on the ruling policies and effects of the Japanese in Taiwan.At that time,Taiwan became a special"reference"in the public opinion of reform and revolution in the late Qing Dynasty.Reformers take the"effect"of Japan’s rule of Taiwan as the basis for reflection on the internal affairs reform.The intellectuals who advocated the"anti-Qing"revolution publicized the rationality of the"anti-Manchu"revolution by describing the historical experience of Taiwan and its painful history.However,in addition to the needs of reform and revolutionary propaganda,the Taiwan-related speeches in the late Qing Dynasty mainly discussed the severe situation of saving the nation from subjugation and the sympathy for Taiwan compatriots,stating clearly that"ceding Taiwan to Japan"was"the greatest national shame".On the other hand their recognition of Japan’s so-called achievements in ruling Taiwan did not just give blind affirmation and advocacy of imitation,nor forget the fact that Taiwan belonged to China but was ruled by foreigners.