台风灾害对广州市宫粉紫荆等绿化树种的影响分析——以台风“山竹”为例

Effect of Typhoon on Greening Tree Species Such as Bauhinia variegata in Guangzhou and Its Countermeasures

通过调查分析台风“山竹”过后广州市树木受损情况,从城市园林景观修复角度深入探究台风灾后城市园林景观措施,为我国台风多发受灾地区的城市园林景观修复提供一定的参考和借鉴。经调查受损树木共有1464株,受损数量最多的前3种树木有宫粉紫荆Bauhinia variegata、红花羊蹄甲Bauhinia blakeana和黄槐Cassia surattensis。天河区的断枝、拦腰折断和连根拔起情况占调查受损树木的各比例最大,荔湾区的断枝、拦腰折断占调查受损树木断枝、拦腰折断的比例最小;越秀区的连根拔起情况占调查受损树木连根拔起的比例最小;广州不同绿地类型的树木受损情况具有差异性,其中科研高校的树木断枝、拦腰折断和连根拔起情况占调查受损树木各情况的比例最大,而城市主干道比例最小。台风对于城市树木的危害程度与台风风力,树种,种植位置及树木日常养护修剪密切相关。为应对台风危害,应在易受台风侵袭的地区,选用或培育抗风能力较强市绿化树种,加强日常维护,做好灾害应急预案,从而降低台风对园林树木的损害。

To provide a certain reference for the restoration of urban landscape in typhoon-prone areas in China,we investigated and analyzed the damage of trees in Guangzhou after the typhoon“Mangosteen”and put forward the restoration suggestion for urban landscape.According to the investigation,a total of 1464 trees were damaged.The top three damaged trees species were Bauhinia variegata,Bauhinia blakeana and Cassia surattensis.In Tianhe District,the situation of branches break,trunk breaks and uprooting accounts for the largest proportion of the damaged trees in investigation,tree damage with branches break and trunk break in Liwan District and uprooting trees in Yuexiu District showed the smallest proportion of all tree damages in the investigation.The damage situation of trees in different types of green spaces in Guangzhou is different,branches break,trunk break and uprooting occurred more frequently in university campuses than that is in main streets of Guangzhou.The degree of typhoon damage to urban trees is closely related to typhoon wind force,tree species,planting position and daily maintenance.In order to deal with typhoon hazards,measures should be taken including select or cultivate tree species with strong wind resistance as urban greening trees in areas prone to typhoon attacks,strengthen daily maintenance,and make emergence plan to reduce the damage of typhoons to urban trees.