基于欧拉-拉格朗日方法的携病毒飞沫扩散过程的数值模拟

Numerical simulation of cough droplets transmission based on Euler-Lagrange method

新型冠状病毒肺炎短时间内在全球范围迅速传播,已经成为受国际关注的大流行病。携病毒飞沫的传播和扩散过程是新型冠状病毒传播的重要途径。文章通过多相流仿真手段,基于欧拉-拉格朗日方法,对房间、电梯、高铁车厢和飞机座舱等相对封闭环境中携病毒飞沫扩散过程进行了数据模拟研究。结果表明,相对封闭空间中采用对侧面进风和出风的通风形式,尤其是上下通风的方式,可有效减少飞沫在封闭空间中的扰动和停留时间,抑制携病毒飞沫的扩散,增强飞沫的排出。

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has spread rapidly in a short period in the whole world.It has been an international epidemic disease.The transmission and spread of respiratory droplets which contain viruses is an important way for the spread of COVID-19.In this paper,numerical investigations of the diffusion process of cough droplets under different conditions such as relatively closed rooms,elevators,high-speed rail cabin,and aircraft cockpit were conducted based on the Euler-Lagrange method.The results show that the relatively enclosed space adopts the side-wall convection ventilation or ceiling ventilation modes,which reduce the disturbance and residence time of the droplets in the enclosed space.It also inhibits the spread of virus-borne droplets,and enhances the emission of droplets.