秦州粟特米氏墓志铭新探

Survey on the Epitaph of Madame Mi of Sogdians from Qinzhou

秦州米氏墓志铭现藏于河南偃师市张海书法艺术博物馆,出土地应在河北保定。志文言米国故长史稟那天宝初入唐朝贡,获得优厚待遇,滞留不归,后入籍秦州,乃粟特人华化之一重要途径;志文所见贞元初(785)上谷叛乱,实乃建中三年(782)朱滔与田悦、王武俊、李纳等联合发动的"四镇之乱"之余绪;秦州米氏很有先见之明,在上谷叛乱发生之前即由上谷迁往博陵,使家族得免战争荼毒;秦州米氏作为入华粟特人稟那之女,嫁于长沙罗公为妻,罗公任职东宫,为"太子右赞善大夫",为正五品上。罗公与米氏所生五子当中有三人入朝为官,其中两名在义武军中任职。米氏虽为昭武九姓胡,但崇信佛教,是一位虔诚的佛弟子。这些资料对于入华粟特人的活动区域、宗教信仰与汉化问题的研究,都有比较重要的意义。

According to the epitaph of Madame Mi of Sogdians from Qinzhou,which is reserved in Zhanghai Calligraphy Museum,Yanshi,and which is believed to be unearthed in Baoding,Hebei,Bingna,the emissary of Sogdians,who paid tribute in Tang Dynasty at the first year of Tianbao era(742),was detained and then naturalized in Qinzhou,receiving great receptions.This can be considered as an important way of Sinicization.Also with the epitaph,it can be seen that the rebellion in the first year of Zhenyuan era(785)was actually the result of the“four towns rebellion”launched by Zhu Tao,Tian Yue,Wang Wujun and Li Na in the third year of Jianzhong era(782).Before the uprising of Shanggu,with wonderful prediction,the family moved from Shanggu to Boling,which made the family free from the damage of war.As the daughter of a Sogdian who came to China,Madame Mi married to Duke Luo of Changsha,who worked as a sort of teacher to crown prince with a quite high position,and three of her five sons entered the court as officials,and two of them worked in Yiwu army.As a Sogdian,Madame Mi believed in Buddhism and was a devout Buddhist.These materials are of great significance to the study of Sogdians’activities,religious beliefs and Sinicization.