有障碍物通道内双向行人流的自组织现象

Self-organization phenomena of bidirectional pedestrian flows in a channel with obstacles

采用改进社会力模型研究了有障碍物的通道内双向行人流的自组织现象.在模型的自驱力项中同时考虑了静态场和视野场的作用.每个行人根据静态场确定期望运动方向,并根据其视野场确定可行的路径.通过数值模拟研究了周期性或开放性边界条件下圆柱和隔栏的不同放置方式对行人流的影响.虽然存在障碍物,自组织成行仍是双向行人流的主要特征,而通道内则呈现了更丰富的行人流运动斑图.模拟结果表明:在周期性边界条件下障碍物往往会引起通道堵塞,降低行人的平均速度;在开放性边界条件下,水平壁上设置短的垂直隔栏可以减少行人的行程时间,并使发生堵塞的概率减小.

In this paper,an extended social force model is used to investigate self-organization phenomena of bidirectional pedestrian flows in a channel with obstacles.In the model,both the static floor field and the view field have been taken into account.Then each pedestrian can determine his/her desired walking direction according to both global and local information.Case studies have been performed on different arrangements of cylinders or fences under periodic or open conditions.More self-organization flow patterns of pedestrians have been observed due to the existence of obstacles.It is found that obstacles usually trigger congestion and reduce the average velocity under periodic boundary condition.Under open boundary condition,it is found that short vertical fences mounted on the walls may reduce the travel time.Furthermore,such a setting of two fences leads to a smaller probability of the occurrence of congestion.