利用COMSOL软件验证Fraunhofer Diffraction及实验探究

Verification of Fraunhofer Diffraction and Experimental Verification by COMSOL Multiphysics

对夫琅禾费衍射的一般形式进行了理论推导,并且利用直接计算法求解了单缝、圆孔、正三边形、正四边形及正六边形孔径的夫琅禾费衍射的光强分布。随后,通过COMSOL Multiphysics这一种广泛使用的用数学方法求解真实世界的物理现象的软件,进行仿真,最终得出了对应不同衍射孔径的夫琅禾费衍射图样和光强分布,并且进行了相应正多边形的衍射实验,得到实际的衍射图样,对比得出实验结果与仿真具有良好的对应性。使用基于COMSOL Multiphysics的“波形偏微分方程”接口对该问题进行数值求解,并描绘出相应的衍射图样和光强分布,该方法适用于正多边形孔径的夫琅禾费衍射,并有助于理解观察波动光学中夫琅禾费衍射的本质和现象。此外,仿真结果与实验共同表明衍射孔的边数和衍射尖峰数存在一定的关系。

The general form of Fraunhofer diffraction is deduced theoretically,and the intensity distribution of Fraunhofer diffraction with single slit,circular hole,regular triangle,regular quadrilateral and regular hexagonal aperture is solved by direct calculation method.Subsequently,through COMSOL Multiphysics,a widely used software for solving physical phenomena in the real world by mathematical methods,simulation is carried out.Finally,Fraunhofer diffraction patterns and light intensity distributions corresponding to different diffraction apertures are obtained,and the corresponding regular polygon diffraction experiments are carried out to obtain the actual diffraction patterns.The comparison shows that the experimental results and simulation are good correspondence.The waveform partial differential equation(PDE)interface based on COMSOL Multiphysics is used to solve the problem numerically;and the corresponding diffraction patterns and intensity distributions are depicted.This method is suitable for Fraunhofer diffraction of regular polygon aperture;and it is helpful to understand and observe the essence and phenomena of Fraunhofer diffraction in wave optics.In addition,the simulation results and experiments show that there is a certain relationship between the number of edges and the number of diffraction peaks.