基于interRAI-HC调查结果的居家老年人健康状况及照护需求分析

Health and care needs of home-dwelling elderly based on interRAI-HC data

[目的]运用国际居民评估工具(interRAI)居家照护评估量表(interRAI-HC)及临床评估协议(Clinical Assessment Protocols,CAPs)分析北京市社区居家老年人的健康状况及照护需求。[方法]本次研究为横断面研究,由接受过培训并合格的评估员采用interRAI居家照护评估量表(interRAI-HC)对153名社区居家老年人进行调查,通过ChinaRAI软件系统建立数据库,运用SPSS 20.0对数据进行统计和分析。[结果]在被评估的153名老年人中,CAPs结果中的触发问题被发现了26个。每名老年人存在的触发问题数目1~17(6.59±3.25)个。其中发生率较高的有缺乏预防、正确合理用药问题、认知功能受损、心肺问题、心境抑郁情绪问题、存在入住养老机构的风险和日常生活活动能力(ADL)受限。[结论]居家老年人在身体功能、认知与精神、社会功能及临床健康方面都存在一定的问题。社区居家服务应强调医养结合,为居家老年人提供全方位、整合性的照护服务。

Objective:To evaluate overall health status and care needs of home-dwelling elderly in Beijing by the International Resident Assessment Instrument(interRAI)Home Care Assessment Scale(interRAI-HC)and Clinical Assessment Protocols(CAPs).Methods:This research is a cross-sectional study.The trained and qualified evaluators use the interRAI-HC to investigate 153 home-dwelling elderly,established a database through the ChinaRAI software system,and use SPSS 20.0 to statistically analyze the data.Results:Twenty-six trigger problems in CAPs were found in 153 participants.The number of trigger problems per the elderly was 1 to 17(6.59±3.25).Among them,there is a high incidence of lack of prevention,correct and reasonable medication problems,impaired cognitive function,cardiopulmonary problems,depression emotional problems,the risk of staying in a retirement facility and limited activity of daily life(ADL).Conclusion:The home-dwelling elderly have certain problems in physical function,cognition and spirit,social function and clinical health.Community home-dwelling service should emphasize the combination of medical and nursing care,and provide comprehensive and integrated care services for the home-dwelling elderly.