海南岛传统聚落及民居文化景观区划定量方法研究

A Quantitative Study on the Cultural Landscape Division of the Traditional Settlements and Vernacular Dwellings in Hainan Island

国内传统聚落及民居的研究已经走向区划,整体宏观上的区划和典型文化圈层的划分已经趋于成熟,边缘文化圈层和文化交融地区的亚区细分是需要深入研究的。对海南岛传统聚落及民居进行全域调查,从自然环境、空间形态、民居类型、社会文化四个层次选取文化因子,构建海南岛传统聚落及民居文化景观区划的指标体系及地理信息数据库。通过对研究样本数据型指标的量化分析,确定了聚落形态和民居型制作为主导因子,并对主导因子进行系统聚类。将数据型指标的系统聚类结果与描述型指标的定性感观印象相结合,将海南岛划分为两个传统聚落及民居文化区和10个文化亚区。将传统的因子定性分析与量化的系统聚类分析相结合,力图使分区结果更客观、更准确,这是传统聚落及民居文化区划方法的一种新尝试、新探索。

Studies on Chinese traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings have moved on to cultural division.The division of the whole country area and typical culture circle has become maturely,but it needs to be studied deeply on subdivision of marginal cultural circle and cultural blending area.In this paper,based on a survey of traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings in Hainan Island,cultural factors are selected from four levels:natural environment,settlements spatial form,vernacular dwellings type and social culture,in order to construct the cultural factors index system and cultural geographic information database of cultural landscape division of the traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings in Hainan Island.Through the quantitative analysis of the data-type factors of the study samples,it is determined that settlement morphology and layout of vernacular dwelling are the dominant factors.Then the study samples are systematically clustered by these two dominant factors.Combining the systematic clustering results of the data-type factors with perceptual impression of the descriptive factors,it is divided into two cultural regions and ten cultural sub-regions of traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings in Hainan.This method combines traditionally qualitative analysis with quantitative systematically cluster and tries to make the results more objective and accurate,which is a new attempt and exploration of the cultural division of traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings.