新色盲制:美国高校录取中的隐性补偿

New Color Blindness:Implicit Compensation in College Admissions in the United States

在美国高等教育历史上,种族间根深蒂固的不平等也表现在美国高等教育领域长期存在的种族间高校录取的不平等。对美国白人学生而言,平权运动造成高校录取中对白人群体的反向歧视,歧视的放大效应使得白人群体能够感受到的歧视感加深。理论上国家采用积极的种族偏好政策可以促进种族间的平等,但在实践上由于白人群体的抗议却没有持续性,需要寻找让白人群体弱歧视感知的隐性补偿方式,这种政策困境下一种看似中立的新色盲制应运而生。

In the history of American higher education,color-blindness,apartheid,quota system,and ethnic preference have been implemented.Using ethnicity as the reference factor of university admission is very easy to ignites controversy,and the affirmative movement in higher education is difficult to maintain.Since the new century,racial neutrality has gradually become the mainstream choice for American society to deal with ethnic issues.How to realize the compensation for vulnerable ethnic groups in the form of color blindness has become an important issue in the new stage of the affirmative movement,and it is also an important method to achieve ethnic diversity in colleges and universities.