航天器狭小空间总装紧固件预紧技术研究

Research of Bolt Pre-Tightening Technology in Narrow Space for Spacecraft Integration

螺栓连接是航天器结构装配的主要形式。针对航天器总装研制过程中紧固件无法使用标准力矩扳手实施扭矩预紧的问题,分析了紧固件轴向空间和径向空间受限两种原因。对螺纹紧固原理进行了深入剖析,按照系列化、型谱化的原则,提出了狭小空间内基于一体式L型杆的紧固件力矩加载方案,设计了专用工装,通过试验验证了技术的可行性,并介绍了该技术在航天器总装领域的应用情况。研究表明,该技术有效提高了紧固件安装可靠性,满足了长寿命、高可靠航天器的研制需求。

Bolt joint is the main form of spacecraft structure assembly.This paper aimed at the problems that standard torque spanner is not suitable to tightening torque,analyzed and summarized two causes.One reason is caused by limited axial space of fasteners,the other reason is limited radial space of fasteners.Based on thorough analysis of fastening principles and principle of type serialization,a scheme of integrated L-shaped is established.The results of experimentation indicate that the scheme of integrated L-shaped lever is reasonable along with the requirement of developing long-life and high reliability spacecraft.Therefore the stability of fasteners is greatly enhanced.