论宋代诗法著述的特征与新变

Characteristics and New Changes of Poetry Creation Works in the Song Dynasty

宋代的诗法著述约有21种,其中存世之书18种。由于宋代科举考试以经义为主,加之诗话的崛起,相比于唐五代,宋代诗法著述数量有所减少。宋代诗法著述一方面呈现了和其他诗学批评形式如类书、诗话、诗选等相结合的特殊形态,另一方面与唐五代相比显示出不少新变,如题名中首次出现“法”字、诗法的总结不断成熟、著述体例更加完备、首次出现诗法汇编著作。

There were about 21 kinds of poetry creation works in the Song Dynasty,18 of which still exist today.The size of poetry creation works relatively shrank in the Song Dynasty compared with that in the Five Dynasties.This is because the meaning and significance of Confucian classics was stressed in Song's imperial examination and poetry criticism began to thrive.On the one hand,the Song Dynasty's poetry creation works presented a special melange of classified reference works,poetry criticism,and selected poems.On the other hand,compared with those in the Five Dynasties,they showed many new changes such as the first appearance of the character"Fa(law)"in titles,the gradual maturity of poetry creation,more comprehensive narrative rules,and the first compilation on poetry creation.