新型冠状病毒肺炎流行病学与临床特点研究进展

The Epidemical and Clinical Characteristics Analysis of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia

2019年发现的新型冠状病毒病(Corona Virus Disease 2019,COVID-19)由严重急性呼吸综合征病毒2型(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)引起,对人类具有广泛而迅速的感染能力,疫情爆发以来引起全球关注。本文汇总近期国内外期刊上已发表的较大规模的新型冠状病毒肺炎(Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia,NCP)病例,收集有关SARS-CoV-2相关信息,从传播途径、发病机制、临床特点、诊断依据及治疗等方面进行综述。通过分析发现,SARS-CoV-2通过与血管紧张素转换酶2(Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2,ACE 2)受体结合侵入人体,且SARS-CoV-2感染者临床表现与ACE 2受体在人体分布密切相关。伴有基础疾病的老年患者病情较重,但幸运的是,八成以上感染者表现轻微,多数在14天左右可逐渐缓解。目前,对NCP的诊断水平在不断提高,多种抗SARS-CoV-2药物也在积极试验中。对于重症患者而言,恢复期血浆有一定疗效,但其制备和获取的途径存在风险。虽然NCP爆发突然,随着研究的不断深入,对其认识必会不断完善和全面。

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),known as 2019 novel coronavirus,has caused widespread concern due to the widely and quickly infection ability.This paper summarized the relatively large number of cases with NCP published in recent international journals and analyzed the aspects of transmission routes,pathogenesis,clinical characteristics,diagnosis basis and treatments about SARS-CoV-2.We found that SARS-CoV-2 has a diverse transmission pathways,it invaded the body through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE 2)receptor and the distribution of ACE 2 may firmly related to the clinical manisfestations of COVID-19.Elderly patients with basic diseases were more susceptible to severe disease,but luckily,more than 80%of the infected people showed mild symptoms and most of them usually relieved in about 14 days.Currently,the diagnosis of NCP are constently improved and the drug targeting SARS-CoV-2 were under active research.The antiviral effect of convalescent plasma therapy is encouraging on patients with severe disease,but,the preparation and acquisition may limite its clinical use.Despite the sudden outburst of NCP,the understanding of it is constantly increasing.And we believe it will be defeated in the no longer future.