基于ANSYS的车轮踏面紧急制动热分析

Thermal Analysis of Emergency Braking of Wheel Tread Based on ANSYS

基于有限元软件ANSYS的瞬态热分析方法,建立车轮紧急制动的三维弹性模型,该模型考虑了车轮的真实尺寸和材料特性。瞬态热分析用于处理车轮紧急制动时产生的热效应结果,考虑了车轮与闸瓦的热传导以及与空气的热交换。该模型仿真了连续两次紧急制动过程,得到了最高温度出现在第2次紧急制动过程中以及温度随时间变化的情况。沿径向深度同截面不同节点的温度变化分布情况也已获得。将所得温度结果作为热载荷加载可得对应的等效应力分布情况。考虑了表面换热系数和轴重等因素对紧急制动温度的影响,结果表明在较高速度下,表面换热系数影响不大,轴重有着较大影响。

Based on Thermal transient analysis of the finite element software ANSYS,a three-dimensional elastic model of wheel emergency braking is established,which takes into account the real size and material characteristics of the wheel.Thermal transient analysis is used to deal with the temperature results of emergency braking of wheel.The heat conduction between wheel and brake shoes and the heat exchange with air are considered.The model simulates two consecutive emergency braking processes,and obtains the maximum temperature appearing in the second emergency braking process and the temperature changing with time.The temperature distribution along the radial depth of different joints with the same cross-section has also been obtained.The equivalent stress distribution can be obtained by taking the temperature results as thermal load.The effects of surface heat exchange coefficient and axle load on emergency braking temperature are considered.The results show that the surface heat exchange coefficient has little effect on emergency braking temperature at high speed,but the axle load has great influence.