人工智能时代人口研究的前瞻性思考

Artificial Intelligence and Its Implications for Population Research

模拟人类智能的人工智能开启了人口研究的新时代,不仅丰富了人口的内涵,将人口研究对象由人类人口拓展到智能人口,而且人工智能对人类人口、劳动力、低生育率、老龄化、健康、人口流动、贫困人口、人口治理、人口安全和人口学研究方法都将产生深远影响。人工智能时代要大力发展智能人口学,推动智能人口在数字经济、人口治理、人口监测、人口普查、健康管理、应急管理、战争模拟、疫情防控、智能城市建设和完善基本公共服务等领域的应用。加强人工智能与人口发展的协同治理,探索人机协同发展对国家治理和经济社会发展的影响,尤其要加强智能伦理建设,确保人工智能与人口发展在可控范围,避免重大人口安全风险。

Artificial intelligence, as a simulation of human intelligence, has ushered a new era for demographic research. It enriches the connotation of population and expands the research object of population from human population to intelligent population. Artificial intelligence has a profound impact on human population, labor force, low fertility, ageing, health, migration, population in poverty, population governance, population security, and demographic methods. In the era of artificial intelligence, we should vigorously develop intelligent demography, promote the application of intelligent population in digital economy, population governance, population monitoring, population census, health management, emergency management, war simulation, epidemic prevention and control, intelligent city construction, and public services improvement. We also need to strengthen the collaborative governance between artificial intelligence and population development, explore the impact of human-computer collaborative development on national governance and socioeconomic development. Specifically, we have to construct intelligent ethics and thus ensure the development of artificial intelligence and population in a controllable range, avoiding major risks to population security.